Importance of Thymic Regeneration as a therapy for modulation of auto-aggressive immune systems.
Article abstract stating the importance of reversing thymic aging for proper t-cell regeneration. [1]

Thymic Regeneration through Androgen Blockade
Very interesting article showing thymic regeneration is possible following androgen blockade. Note that the androgen blockade resulted in a complete regeneration of the thymus but also in atrophy of sex organs. [2]

Thymic Regeneration Through Stem Cell Transplant
Article showing an increase in Thymus CD31+ cells following autologous stem-cell transplantation  [3]

Results of clinical trials showing clinical remission following autologous hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) of seven patiens with Lupus. Interesting that it also reports regeneration of thymic-derived t cells.  [4]

Another article discussing stem cells to reactivate thymus and arrest autoimmune agression. [5]

Using human Tymogen (infant) cell transplant regenerates thymus, and restores immune function. [6]

Re-educating the immune system using a combination of thymus rejuvenation and uptake of HSC together with inhibition of the aberrant immune system, also provides for the first time, a realistic means of overcoming the devastating effects of autoimmune disease. [7] This is written by a team leader in immune regeneration, Dr. Richard Boyd. The motto of the Immune Regeneration Laboratory is "“Combining immunology and stem cells to rejuvenate and re-program the immune system for better health” "

The influence of lysine and arginine on age related decline.
Article showing age related decline of thymic syrums is reversable with administration of lysine and arginine. [8].

Controlling the thymic microenvironment. Hard to tell how useful it is from the abstract, but it does mention the sex steroid ablation and a pretty good overview of thymic function. [9]

Human Growth Hormone
Article showing Human Growth Hormone regenerated thymus in 46 year old man 9. And an old one that showed the same in rats. [10]

2008 article in experimental gerontology explores three different methods for thymic regeneration: interleukin 7, HGH, and sex steroid intervention. [11].

References

4.         Mackall CL, Gress RE. Thymic aging and T-cell regeneration. Immunol Rev. 1997 Dec;160:91-102. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01030.x/abstract

5.         Sutherland JS, Goldberg GL, Hammett MV, Uldrich AP, Berzins SP, Heng TS, Blazar BR, Millar JL, Malin MA, Chidgey AP, Boyd RL. Activation of thymic regeneration in mice and humans following androgen blockade. J Immunol. 2005 Aug 15;175(4):2741-53. www.jimmunol.org/content/175/4/2741.long

6.         Thiel A, Alexander T, Schmidt CA, Przybylski GK, Kimmig S, Kohler S, Radtke H, Gromnica-Ihle E, Massenkeil G, Radbruch A, Arnold R, Hiepe F. Direct assessment of thymic reactivation after autologous stem cell transplantation. Acta Haematol. 2008;119(1):22-7.www.karger.com/Article/FullText/117824

7.         Alexander T, Thiel A, Rosen O, Massenkeil G, Sattler A, Kohler S, Mei H, Radtke H, Gromnica-Ihle E, Burmester GR, Arnold R, Radbruch A, Hiepe F. Depletion of autoreactive immunologic memory followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with refractory SLE induces long-term remission through de novo generation of a juvenile and tolerant immune system. Blood. 2009 Jan 1;113(1):214-23. bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/113/1/214.long

8.         Muraro PA, Douek DC. Renewing the T cell repertoire to arrest autoimmune aggression. Trends Immunol. 2006 Feb;27(2):61-7. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471490605002942

9.         Chidgey A, Dudakov J, Seach N, Boyd R. Impact of niche aging on thymic regeneration and immune reconstitution. Semin Immunol. 2007 Oct;19(5):331-40. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1044532307000802

10.         Boyd, Richard, Prof. Monash University Website, Immune Regeneration Laboratories. Found at www.med.monash.edu.au/anatomy/research/immune-regeneration.html

11.         Fabris N, Mocchegiani E, Muzzioli M, Piloni S. Recovery of age-related decline of thymic endocrine activity and PHA response by lysin-arginine combination. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1986;8(7):677-85. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0192056186900020

12.         Gray DH, Ueno T, Chidgey AP, Malin M, Goldberg GL, Takahama Y, Boyd RL. Controlling the thymic microenvironment. Curr Opin Immunol. 2005 Apr;17(2):137-43. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952791505000129

13.       Kelley KW, Brief S, Westly HJ, Novakofski J, Bechtel PJ, Simon J, Walker EB. GH3 pituitary adenoma cells can reverse thymic aging in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(15):5663-7. www.pnas.org/content/83/15/5663.long

14.       Aspinall R, Mitchell W. Reversal of age-associated thymic atrophy: treatments, delivery, and side effects. Exp Gerontol. 2008 Jul;43(7):700-5. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531556508001228

Footnotes:

1. Mackall CL, Gress RE. Thymic aging and T-cell regeneration. Immunol Rev, 160:91-102, 1997 as found at VIEW

2. J. S. Sutherland, Goldberg GL,Hammett MV,Uldrich AP,Heng TS,Berzins SP,Blazar BR,Malin MA,Chidgey AP,Boyd RL. Activation of thymic regeneration in mice and humans following androgen blockade.. J Immunol, 15;175(4):2741-53, 2005 as found at VIEW

3. Thiel A, Alexander T,Schmidt CA,Przybylski GK,Kimmig S,Kohler S,Radtke H,Gromnica-Ihle E,Massenkeil G,Radbruch A,Arnold R,Hiepe F. Direct assessment of thymic reactivation after autologous stem cell transplantation. Acta Haematologica, Vol. 119, No. 1, , 2008 as found at VIEW

4. Alexander T, Thiel A,Rosen O,Massenkeil G,Sattler A,Kohler S,Mei H,Radtke H,Gromnica-Ihle E,Burmester GR,Arnold R,Radbruch A, Hiepe F. Depletion of autoreactive immunologic memory followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with refractory SLE induces long-term remission through de novo generation of a . Blood, 1;113(1):214-23, 2009 as found at VIEW